100 Most Influential People in Business Ethics (2007)
These days, sustainability and responsibility are no small matter. However, ethical action - whether performed by large corporations or small, local non-profits - is not something that just happens; it’s brought on by inspired individuals. In honor of the approaching New Year, we decided to bring together the forerunners of the business ethics world from the past year, wrapped together in a tidy 1 to 100 ranking.
In order to come up with a list of nominees for the list, we reached out to a group of experts from major universities and institutions in order to assemble an advisory panel. With their collective expertise, and the help of a working group of Ethisphere editors, reporters and fact checkers (and after much heated and lengthy debate), we assembled the names of hundreds of nominees, and chiseled it down to a finely honed list of 100. The experts that weighed in on this story all belong somewhere near the top of the list in their own right but, unfortunately, they can’t be. Those were the rules.
Finally, we broke down all of the winners into nine core categories:
Government and Regulatory - Did the individual impact government rules or enforcement trends?
Business Leadership - Did the individual substantially transform a specific business’ operational practices consistent with profitable ethical leadership, forcing competitors to follow suit or fall behind?
Non-Government Organization (NGO) - Did the individual impact a company’s (or industry’s) practices through external, non-regulatory leadership either through positive collaboration or negative publicity for a positive end?
Design and Sustainability - Did the individual substantially contribute to or lead a product or service redesign, which resulted in less natural resource use, or increased consumer acceptance of sustainability without diminishing the quality of the original product or service?
Media and Whistleblowers - Did the individual raise awareness on a critical issue or expose corruption?
Thought Leadership - Did the individual conceive of new approaches or otherwise materially contribute to the field of business ethics theory in a way that could be easily applied by corporate leaders?
Corporate Culture - Did the individual show success to transforming the ethical culture and behavior of a corporation or institution, particularly if such corporation or institution previously had a less than ethical culture and values system?
Investment and Research - Did the individual impact corporate behavior through influencing investor decisions and the deployment of investment capital due to research or institutional fund management practices?
Legal and Governance - Did the individual impact any legal cases which set the precedents in corporate compliance, or influence trends or structure in effective corporate governance for public and/or private companies?
You may not agree with the politics, methods or actions of all of the people on the 100 Most Influential in Business Ethics for 2007. In fact you probably don’t. However, the bottom line is that all of these people influenced business ethics and resulting business behavior over the course of the year, whether that be influencing customers to demand ‘greener products’ from companies, to requiring greater disclosure by corporations about product safety, to forcing companies to look at their anti-bribery or anti-competitive compliance programs. All were influential somehow.
Now, without further ado, we present to you 2007’s 100 Most Influential in Business Ethics:
| 1 | Neelie Kroes | Government + Regulatory | European Commissioner for Competition |
| 2 | Myron T. Steele | Government + Regulatory | Chief Justice, Delaware Supreme Court |
| 3 | Jeffrey R. Immelt | Business Leadership | Chairman & CEO, General Electric |
| 4 | H. Lee Scott, Jr. | Business Leadership | President & CEO, Wal-mart |
| 5 | Christopher Cox | Government + Regulatory | Chairman, U.S. Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) |
| 6 | Huguette Labelle | NGO | Chair of Board of Directors, Transparency International (TI) |
| 7 | Anne Mulcahy | Business Leadership | Chairman & CEO, Xerox |
| 8 | Alan L. Boeckmann | Business Leadership | Chairman & CEO, Fluor Corporation |
| 9 | Björn Stigson | NGO | President, World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) |
| 10 | Pascale Dubois | Government + Regulatory | Sanctions Evaluation and Suspension Officer, World Bank |
| 11 | Stuart Rose | Business Leadership | CEO, Marks & Spencer |
| 12 | Brian D. Miller | Government + Regulatory | Inspector General, U.S. General Services Administration (U.S. GSA) |
| 13 | Thomas Bergmark | Design | Social and Environmental Affairs Manager, IKEA Group |
| 14 | Mark F. Mendelsohn | Government + Regulatory | Deputy Chief, Fraud Section, Criminal Division, U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) |
| 15 | Serge P. Appel | Design | Associate Partner, Cook + Fox Architects |
| 16 | Greg Farrell | Media + Disclosure | Journalist (USA Today) and respected business author |
| 17 | Michael Dell | Business Leadership | Chairman and CEO, Dell |
| 18 | William Westwood Lockyer | Government + Regulatory | Treasurer, State of California |
| 19 | Eric Pillmore | Corporate Culture | Former SVP Corporate Governance, Tyco International |
| 20 | Dan McDougall | Media + Disclosure | Journalist, The Observer (U.K.) |
| 21 | Charley Situ | Media + Disclosure | Former Controller of LDK Solar Co. |
| 22 | Thomas Donaldson | Thought Leadership | Director, PhD Program in Ethics and Law, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania |
| 23 | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | Government + Regulatory | President of Indonesia |
| 24 | Humberto Garcia | Design | Packaging Manager for Environmental Sustainability, Unilever |
| 25 | Jonathan S. Hoak | Corporate Culture | Chief Ethics & Compliance Officer, Hewlett-Packard |
| 26 | Alexandra Wrage | NGO | President, TRACE International Inc. |
| 27 | Peter D. Kinder | Investment + Governance | President and co-founder, KLD Research & Analytics |
| 28 | Mark Parker | Business Leadership | President & CEO, Nike |
| 29 | Al Gore | NGO | Nobel Laureate and Former U.S. Vice-President |
| 30 | Daniel P. Amos | Legal + Governance | Chairman and CEO, Aflac |
| 31 | Danielle Brian | Media + Disclosure | Executive Director, Project On Government Oversight (POGO) |
| 32 | Milton Friedman | Thought Leadership | Economist and Nobel Laureate |
| 33 | Timothy Smith | Investment + Governance | Director of Socially Responsive Investment, Walden Asset Management |
| 34 | Bennett Freeman | Investment + Governance | SVP Social Research and Policy, Calvert |
| 35 | Wolfgang Schaupensteiner | Government + Regulatory | Senior Public Prosecutor, City of Frankfurt (Germany) |
| 36 | Kirk Hanson | Thought Leadership | Executive Director, Markkula Center for Applied Ethics |
| 37 | David P. Steiner | Business Leadership | CEO, Waste Management |
| 38 | Peter Webster | Investment | Executive Director, Ethical Investment Research Service (EIRIS) |
| 39 | R. Edward Freeman | Thought Leadership | Professor, The Darden School (University of Virginia) |
| 40 | Sir Terry Leahy | Business Leadership | Chief Executive, Tesco |
| 41 | Maryanne Lavan | Corporate Culture | VP Internal Audit, Lockheed Martin |
| 42 | Steve Driver | Business Leadership | President of Global Supply Chain, Cadbury Schweppes |
| 43 | Sarah Forrest, Anthony Ling, Marc Fox, and Stephan Feilhauer | Investment | Researchers, Goldman Sachs "GS Sustain Index" |
| 44 | Willard "Bill" Nielsen | Corporate Culture | Former VP of Public Affairs and Corporate Communications, Johnson & Johnson |
| 45 | Alan Knott-Craig | Business Leadership | CEO, Vodacom |
| 46 | Arnold Schwarzenegger | Government + Regulatory | Governor, State of California |
| 47 | Tensie Whelan | NGO | Executive Director, Rainforest Alliance |
| 48 | Gerald Grinstein | Business Leadership | Former CEO, Delta Airlines (retired in 2007) |
| 49 | Ira M. Millstein | Legal | Senior Partner, Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP |
| 50 | John Reid, MP | Government + Regulatory | Member of Parliament and former Home Secretary (U.K.) |
| 51 | Michael Schade | NGO | PVC Campaign Coordinator, the Center for Health, Environment and Justice (CHEJ) |
| 52 | Tan Sri Hassan Marican | Business Leadership | President and CEO, Petronas (Malaysia) |
| 53 | Matthew J. Kiernan | Investment + Governance | Founder and CEO, Innovest Strategic Value Advisers |
| 54 | Indra K. Nooyi | Business Leadership | Chairman & CEO, PepsiCo |
| 55 | Philippa Foster-Back | NGO | Director, Institute for Business Ethics (IBE) |
| 56 | Paul Rice | NGO | President & CEO, TransFair USA |
| 57 | Jay G. Martin | Corporate Culture | VP & Chief Compliance Officer, Baker Hughes |
| 58 | Douglas M. Baker, Jr. | Business Leadership | CEO, Ecolab |
| 59 | A mysterious employee | Media + Disclosure | Unnamed Employee, National Air Cargo |
| 60 | Todd Paglia | NGO | Executive Director, ForestEthics |
| 61 | Alan Vinegrad | Legal + Governance | Partner, Covington & Burling LLP |
| 62 | Jonathan M. Malis | Government + Regulatory | Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) |
| 63 | Mark Lee | Investment + Research | CEO, SustainAbility |
| 64 | Patrick Gnazzo | Corporate Culture | SVP, U.S. Public Sector Businesses, Computer Associates |
| 65 | Therese Martinet | Design Sustainability + Citizenship | Director of Sustainable Development, PSA Peugeot Citroën |
| 66 | Marilyn Carlson Nelson | Business Leadership | Chairman & CEO, Carlson Companies |
| 67 | Jeff Swartz | Business Leadership | CEO, Timberland |
| 68 | Hayward Bell | Corporate Culture | Chief Diversity Officer, Raytheon |
| 69 | Richard Edelman | Media + Disclosure | President & CEO, Edelman |
| 70 | Howard Gardner | Thought Leadership | Professor of Cognition and Education, Harvard University |
| 71 | Andrew Weissmann | Legal | Partner, Jenner & Block |
| 72 | Ethel Cormier | Business Leadership | Associate Director of Nutrition Science Institute, Procter & Gamble |
| 73 | Angel Gurría | Government + Regulatory | Secretary-General, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) |
| 74 | James O’Toole | Thought Leadership | Daniels Distinguished Professor of Business Ethics, University of Denver |
| 75 | Mark Tercek | Corporate Culture | Director of Corporate Citizenship, Goldman Sachs |
| 76 | Dr. Patricia Harned | Thought Leadership | President, The Ethics Resource Center (ERC) |
| 77 | Carol Cone | Media + Disclosure | Chairman of Cone, Inc. |
| 78 | Richard Branson | Business Leadership | Founder and Chairman, Virgin Group |
| 79 | Allan Smith | Business Leadership | VP Global Chief of Environmental Strategy and Programs, Steelcase |
| 80 | Jay Bolus | Design | Manager of Technical Operations, McDonough Braungart Design Chemistry, LLC (MBDC) |
| 81 | Jon Williams | Business Leadership | Head of Group Sustainable Development, HSBC |
| 82 | Fred Krupp | Design, Sustainability + Citizenship | President, Environmental Defense |
| 83 | Bob Langert | Business Leadership | VP Corporate Social Responsibility, McDonald’s |
| 84 | Leslie Gaines-Ross | Business Leadership | Chief Reputation Strategist, Weber Shandwick |
| 85 | Wang Shouye’s mistress | Government + Regulatory | Mistress for the Deputy Commander of Chinese Navy |
| 86 | Marc Gunther | Media + Disclosure | Journalist, Fortune Magazine |
| 87 | Martin J. Weinstein | Legal + Governance | Partner, Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP |
| 88 | David P. Stangis | Corporate Culture | Director of Corporate Responsibility, Intel |
| 89 | Alan Yuspeh | Corporate Culture | SVP, Ethics, Compliance and Corporate Responsibility, Columbia/HCA Healthcare |
| 90 | David Logan | Design, Sustainability + Citizenship | Co-founder and Executive Director, The Corporate Citizenship Company |
| 91 | Mark Pieth | Government + Regulatory | Chairman, OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions |
| 92 | Roy Snell | NGO | CEO, Society for Corporate Compliance and Ethics (SCCE) |
| 93 | Ronald F. Duska | Thought Leadership | Director, Mitchell Center for Ethical Leadership |
| 94 | Jon Lukomnik | Legal + Governance | Founder and Managing Partner, Sinclair Capital |
| 95 | Gavin Newsom | Government + Regulatory | Mayor, San Francisco |
| 96 | Mindy S. Lubber | NGO | President, Ceres |
| 97 | Jonathan Lash | Design, Sustainability + Citizenship | President, World Resources Institute |
| 98 | Joseph Keefe | Investment + Governance | President and CEO, Pax World Management |
| 99 | Mark Buckley | Design | VP Environmental Affairs, Staples |
| 100 | Georg Kell | NGO | Executive Director, United Nations Global Compact |
*For in-depth commentary and individual break downs on why each individual made the list, please refer to the Q4 edition of Ethisphere Magazine, released in December, 2007.
Learning from Others’ Mistakes: 2007’s Top 10 People We Won’t Miss
Influence isn’t only brought about by positive actions, sometimes unintended improvement comes from ethical missteps. Here are the top ten individuals that have influenced business ethics through professional flubs.
*For in-depth commentary and individual break downs on why each individual made the list, please refer to the Q4 edition of Ethisphere Magazine, released in December, 2007.
Advisory Panel:
The following individuals offered their knowledge and expertise on business ethics to lend a hand in constructing this list.
Ronald Berenbeim
Principal Researcher, Business Ethics
The Conference Board
John Dienhart
Frank Shrontz Chair for Business Ethics and Professor of Management
Seattle University
Cristián del Campo
Director, Business and Economics Ethics Program
Alberto Hurtado University
Charles Elson
Edgar S. Woolard, Jr., Chair in Corporate Governance
University of Delaware
Paul Fiorelli
Director, Williams College of Business Center for Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
Xavier University
Marianne Jennings
Professor of Legal and Ethical Studies, W.P. Carey School of Business
Arizona State University
Brian Moriarty
Associate Director for Communications
Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics
Paul Moxey
Head of Corporate Governance and Risk Management
Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA)
Hans Schöllhammer
Professor, Anderson School of Management
UCLA
Buie Seawell
Louis B. Beaumont Professor of Business Education, The Daniels College of Business
University of Denver
Jeffrey Seglin
Associate Professor of Writing, Literature & Publishing
Emerson College
Linda Trevino
Professor of Organizational Behavior, Cook Fellow in Business Ethics, Smeal College of Business
Pennsylvania State University
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Gentlemen,
I would like to send you my CV to judge whether I should be among 100 Most Influential in Business Ethics. I am currently Chief Compliance Enhancement in a UN organization.
Here is my biodata:
Dr. Haluk Ferden Gursel, MA, CFE, CPA, CGFM, CFS
Chief Compliance,
UNITED NATIONS GLOBAL PROGRAMME ON AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland
Dr. Haluk F. Gursel has been Senior Internal Auditor with the United Nations, World Health Organization (WHO) internal audit office in Geneva, Switzerland since 1980. He also served as the investigative team leader of various fraud or suspected fraud cases.
Dr. Gursel’s duties have taken him to a great number of WHO’s member countries for investigation, evaluation, and audit tasks, including Cuba and North Korea. In addition to regular audits, he has performed special investigative assignments of great sensitivity at the request of senior management.
Dr. Gursel’s previous positions include general inspector of finance, government auditor, and bank auditor in Turkey (1967-1980). His responsibilities included a leadership role in the negotiation of the IMF’s rescue package for the country in the late 1970s. As part of his inspector tasks, he planned and performed evaluations and audits on various non-governmental institutions including the country’s Central Bank and Central Intelligence Agency, as well as private companies. He also performed investigations and expert witness tasks concerning fraud-related cases to the penal courts.
Dr. Gursel has published six books on financial and accounting issues and nearly 100 articles and contributed to numerous publications. He is a regular speaker at workshops and seminars. In addition, he is adjunct Professor at Webster University in Geneva. Recently, he taught the ACFE Higher Education Initiative courses “Fraud Detection and Examination in Today’s Business Environment” and “Fraud Prevention”. Currently, he is the coordinator of the Webster University Certificate Programme on Fraud Prevention, Detection and Investigation.
Dr. Gursel is the President Emeritus of the ACFE’s Chapter in Geneva, Switzerland and past Training Director of the Central European Chapter in Germany and has been instrumental in setting up several European Chapters and institutions against fraud. He is also the holder of the 2004 ACFE Outstanding Achievement Award in Anti-Fraud Education. In 2005, Dr. Gursel has been recognized as the Person of the Year Abroad by the Turkish newspaper ‘Hurriyet’, a large media publication company with around a million newspapers in print daily. He is also past President and founding member of the Swiss Council on Occupational Fraud. In 2005, he has completed the work with the United Nations as adviser for the UN Fraud Prevention and Anti-Corruption Framework and when retired was working on the accountability framework in his workplace. Following his work to upgrade the Pan American Health Organization Oversight Department and establish an Audit Committee, currently he is Chief Compliance Enhancement, UNAIDS.
His contact e-mails: halukgursel@hotmail.com and hgursel@gmail.com
Best regards.
I have to agree with what several other posters have said - Wal-Mart’s environmental promises have only served to cover up the company’s other, equally damaging practices. Not only has the company done little to achieve the environmental goals you praise (which, as an aside, don’t even address all of the environmental problems with Wal-Mart’s business model), it’s also failed to address the numerous other ethical concerns lobbied against it. Why aren’t employees’ wages, health care, use of sweatshops and the economic impact on small communities part of your “ethical” considerations?
You broke down all of the winners into nine core categories, it’s a good idea. But i don’t understand why there is no organizational communication categorie. Communication and especially dialogical communication is one of the most important part of business ethics.
http://www.dialethik.com
Your business ethics award is a brilliant idea. But I don’t understand why there is no organizational communication award.
One of the most important thing for ethic is normally communication especially dialogical communication?.
http://www.dialethik.com
Once again, you guys have found yet another way to trivialize the entire professional ethics field, and all those who labor in it. I note that you also didn’t bother to disclose that you have working relationships with several of the people on this list. Some of them are even CLIENTS of yours. You people have no understanding of the field, no love of the cause, and a endless thirst for sensationalism. You have no shame.
Ethisphere Response:
Possibly you are referring to a few of our keystone partners who made the list. We’d like to point out that they are on the list for the same reason we work with them: their excellent work within the business ethics community. Ethisphere doesn’t have ‘clients’ as you mention, but members of the Ethisphere Council – a group of businesses interested in furthering ethical business practices – did make it on our list. These companies did not provide input into deciding how the list was constructed.
Remember, this list is the most INFLUENTIAL people in business ethics, not the most ethical! Read the prologue to the results! Many of those listed did unethical things that got their stakeholders and the public talking about ethics! That’s noteworthy.
I’d like to know how in the world the CEo of Wal-Mart ranked #4 on this list. They are being sued for millions over labor law violations and have a miserable reputation for sharp business practices when it comes to dealing with their suppliers. Hardly a model organization, and if this guy is ethically tops then so much for the concept of “setting the tone at the top.”
#41 Maryanne Lavan - You did not do your homework
Check the lead article in Corporate Counsel this month – Attention Must Be Paid - as well as the text from the House Transportation Committee Coast Guard Deepwater hearings April 18th of last year. A hearing she was under subpoena to testify at. She was there to tell the committee why she didn’t do what she should have in her previous role as VP of Ethics for Lockheed Martin. I know this because I am the whistleblower the article mentions. More can be found searching on my name and “Deepwater”
You didn’t do your homework on #41
http://www.law.com/jsp/cc/PubArticleCC.jsp?id=1198058690626
http://transportation.house.gov/hearings/hearingdetail.aspx?NewsID=143
http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?F=3294549&C=america
Search on my name and Deepwater and you will see much more
Feel free to contact me to discuss
You obviously didn’t do any research
Kirk Hanson is alive. Thus, he deserves second place. If we forget about Wharton for a second, perhaps even first.
Is your 100 ethics list for real? The mistress of the Chinese who? the unamed employee? GAVEN Newsome, good grief! AND, Arnold Schwartzenager…whatever, in California. This is a joke. Right? :)
How come yr list has very few thought leaders from Asia or Africa? Like most publications coming out of developed countires, you have looked at people about whom information is readily avalible to you … why dont you dig a little deeper and go beyond the obvious?
Definition of ethics: the discipline dealing with what is good & bad and with moral duty and obligation. What’s ethical (or moral)about mandatory extra shift work and NOT paying overtime because the employee had a holiday or vacation day in the TWO WEEK reporting period? Anne Mulcahy was VP of Human Resources at XEROX for some time. Something is wrong with the investigations and conclusions of these decisions. Of any corporation, where there is a CEO that spent time in any Human Resource dept., I would expect an ethical, moral watchful eye over human rights and the simple abuses of management over subordinates. The Xerox Service organization has some blatant issues that are not getting fixed. Employees are afraid of retaliation.
I’m not sure I understand (or agree) with the default connection between environmentalism and ethical corporate governance. One does not necessarily lead to or promote the other. As ethics is the central purpose of Ethisphere, if you think the environmental work is important, then have a separate list. But I see names on this list that are ostensibly being rewarded for promoting ethics that have made no apparent contribution to that end; rather they have moved their companies to be more “green”.
You put Nacchio on the reviled list because he refused to break the law and give US citizen’s phone records to the NSA without a warrant? In fact he was the *only* telcom CEO with the ethical backbone to stand up to the NSA. He stood his ground even though the retribution was the NSA canceling their contract with Quest, which lowered profits, and that caused the stock price to drop. That drop in stock price allowed the government to bring him up on insider trading charges because he sold stock before the contracts were canceled.
Now the administration is trying to get a law passed giving retroactive immunity to the telcoms that did break the law and cooperate with the NSA.
I think your view of Nacchio is completely wrong. He should be at the top of the ethics list. He refused to break the law when pressured by the NSA to do so.
They are influential for them ,they need to do something great for the society .That would really make them influential .
H. Lee Scott Jr. President and CEO of Wal-Mart named #4 for ethical business practices? What a grotesque joke. Shame on you and your publication.
Ethisphere Response:
As for Mr. Scott’s placement, he and Wal-Mart have come under fire for quite some time over a number of their business practices and that makes him a controversial winner. Wal-Mart has made some big steps in going green, particularly in its truck fleet’s emissions, and that’s what ultimately propelled him up the ranks. And - as a consequence - Wal-Mart was actually able to cut overall costs by implementing these green initiatives. Because of this, he was placed in the “Business Leadership” category, which asks the question, “Did the individual substantially transform a specific business’ operational practices consistent with profitable ethical leadership, forcing competitors to follow suit or fall behind?” Keep in mind that this list accounts for how the influencers brought about change within the year, not their overall career. Mr. Scott was able to show other business leaders that emissions/energy usage/etc can be cut, while still dropping the bottom line.
I know GE is not ethical. I work for them and I fight a daily battle to do the ethical thing. Yes the company has all the right sayings and policies but we don’t follow the policies to the “Spirit and Letter”, or we at least look for the holes that make the actions “legitimate”.
You must be kidding! You have all the penalists from US. Please don’t call it a global list. Typical of the western world!!!
If Immelt were an ethical person he would apologize to the shareholders for failing to do his job, return the money he has taken these last 7 years, and resign. The man is an empty suit who has done nothing. Immelt immoral, whats the difference?
what a despicable bunch